Risograph 孔版印刷风（Risograph / Riso）
Risograph is the look of a Japanese stencil duplicator pushed into graphic art: layered spot colors — hot pink, cyan, sunflower yellow — printed slightly out of register, leaving halos and color moiré; a visible grain from soy-based inks; and edges that look cut from a stencil rather than rendered by a laser. It migrated from churches and schools in the 1980s into zines, posters, and indie publishing, where its accidents became the signature.
孔版印刷风是把日本理想（Riso）公司的数字模版复印机推进平面艺术后形成的观感：用限定专色——荧光粉、青蓝、向日葵黄——一层层叠印，每层都轻微错位，留下光晕和叠色摩尔纹；大豆油墨带来可见颗粒；边缘像从蜡纸上裁下来，而不是激光切割般锐利。它在 1980 年代从教堂和学校走进 zine、海报和独立出版，原本的「失误」反倒成了签名。
Scope: This entry covers the visual style of Risograph prints as adapted to UI and graphic design. It is distinct from screen printing (which uses mesh and squeegee, not a digital stencil master) and from Memphis-style pattern collage — both are common neighbors.
范围：本条覆盖 Risograph 印刷作为 UI 与平面设计视觉风格的转译。它不同于丝网印刷（用网版和刮板，不是数字模版滚筒），也不同于孟菲斯式的图案拼贴——两者都是常见邻居。
标本可交互 —— 点点看。Specimen is live — try it.
If you called it…如果你管它叫……
Full style DNA完整风格 DNA
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Limited spot-color overprint限定专色叠印 color defining定义特征
Palette is built from separate opaque inks — hot pink #ff4da6, cyan #00b4d8, sunflower #ffd60a — layered so each new color physically prints on top of the last, producing new hues at overlaps.
色板由不透明的专色油墨构成——荧光粉 #ff4da6、青蓝 #00b4d8、向日葵黄 #ffd60a——每一层都实实在在地叠在上一层上，重叠处会生成新的色相。
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Deliberate misregistration刻意错位 color defining定义特征
Color channels sit a few pixels off from one another (translate 1–3px), creating visible halos and moiré; perfect alignment reads as digital, not Riso.
各色版彼此偏移 1–3px，形成明显光晕和叠色摩尔纹；完全对齐看起来是数字稿，不是 Riso。
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Soy-ink grain and stipple大豆油墨颗粒 surface defining定义特征
Flat fills are broken by a fine, irregular dot grain — especially visible in darker inks — from the soy-oil based ink and stencil mesh; add it with a noise texture at ~15–25% opacity.
平涂色块被细密不规则的网点颗粒打破，在深色油墨上尤其明显；用 15–25% 不透明度的噪点纹理来模拟大豆油墨透过模版网孔的效果。
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Rough stencil-cut edges粗糙模版边缘 geometry defining定义特征
Shapes have slightly jagged or feathered outlines, as if cut from a wax stencil; crisp 1px vector edges look pre-press, not printed.
形状带有轻微锯齿或羽化轮廓，像从蜡纸上裁下来；1px 的锐利矢量边缘是印前稿，不是印刷品。
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High-contrast duotone or tritone高对比双色/三色 color defining定义特征
Compositions rely on two or three flat inks against off-white paper; the limitation is part of the look — more than four colors stops being Riso.
画面只靠两到三种平涂油墨衬在米白纸张上；这种限制本身就是风格的一部分，超过四色就不是 Riso 了。
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Off-white porous paper米白纸/新闻纸 surface supporting辅助特征
Background reads as uncoated cream or newsprint (#f6f1e7 or #f4ecd8), soaking ink and letting grain show through.
背景要读出无涂布米纸或新闻纸的质感（#f6f1e7 或 #f4ecd8），吸墨并让颗粒透出来。
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Bold hand-set type粗重手排字体 typography variable可变特征
Headings often use chunky grotesks or hand-lettered forms; body stays plain because the texture does the talking.
标题常用粗壮 grotesk 或手写感字体；正文保持朴素，因为纹理已经是主角。
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Smooth gradients or photorealism平滑渐变或写实照片 surface avoid避免
Continuous blends, drop shadows, and full-color photos belong to offset/digital printing; they kill the stencil-print read.
连续渐变、投影、全彩照片属于胶印/数字印刷；它们会立刻破坏模版印刷的观感。
Often confused with: Memphis最容易混淆：孟菲斯风格（Memphis）
Risograph孔版印刷风（Risograph / Riso）
Memphis孟菲斯风格（Memphis）
This is Risograph because the style comes from printing artifacts: grainy ink texture, spot-color overprints shifted slightly out of register, and stencil-cut edges — not from toy geometry, squiggles, or allover pattern.
这是孔版印刷风，因为它的气质来自印刷痕迹：颗粒感油墨纹理、轻微错位的专色叠印，以及模版裁切的边缘——而不是几何图案、波浪线或满版拼贴。
It would become Memphis if you replaced the ink grain and misregistration with flat squiggles, zigzags, dots, and triangles on a white ground, making pattern the subject instead of print texture.
如果把油墨颗粒和错位替换成白底上的波浪线、锯齿、圆点和三角，让图案本身成为主角，就变成孟菲斯了。
In code — optional starting points代码写法 —— 可选起点
Spot-color misregistration stack
.riso-pink { color: #ff4da6; transform: translate(-1.5px, -1px); }
.riso-cyan { color: #00b4d8; transform: translate(1.5px, 1px); }
.riso-yellow { color: #ffd60a; transform: translate(0, -1.5px); }Soy-ink grain texture over a flat fill
background-color: #ff4da6;
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='120' height='120'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.85' numOctaves='3'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)' opacity='0.22'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
mix-blend-mode: multiply;Duotone card construction
background: #f6f1e7;
border: 2px solid #1a1a1a;
box-shadow: none;
filter: contrast(1.05);Style brief — paste into your agent风格 Brief —— 粘贴给你的代理
Create the surface in the spirit of Risograph (Riso) print. Defining signals: a limited palette of opaque spot inks — hot pink #ff4da6, cyan #00b4d8, sunflower #ffd60a, and black #1a1a1a — layered as separate passes so overlaps create new hues (pink over cyan makes violet, yellow over pink makes orange); deliberate misregistration of 1–3px between color passes to produce visible halos and color moiré; a fine irregular grain/stipple texture over every flat fill, simulating soy-based ink pushed through a stencil mesh at ~15–25% opacity; rough stencil-cut edges with slight feathering rather than crisp vector outlines; high-contrast duotone or tritone layouts against an off-white porous paper ground (#f6f1e7). Use chunky grotesk or hand-lettered headings, plain body text, and no gradients, shadows, or photorealism. Buttons and cards should feel like separate ink passes — flat color fields with the grain texture, 2px solid black outlines optional. Do not drift into Memphis; the decisive difference is that Risograph is print-texture-first (grain, misregistration, spot overprint) while Memphis is pattern-first (squiggles, zigzags, geometric confetti). Preserve text contrast: black ink on the spot colors usually passes; thin type over textured fills can fail, so keep labels large and on solid panels.
按孔版印刷风（Risograph / Riso）创建这个界面。决定性信号：限定的不透明专色油墨——荧光粉 #ff4da6、青蓝 #00b4d8、向日葵黄 #ffd60a 和黑色 #1a1a1a——作为独立色版层层叠印，让重叠处产生新色相（粉叠青成紫，黄叠粉成橙）；各色版之间刻意错位 1–3px，形成可见光晕和叠色摩尔纹；每一块平涂色块上都覆盖细密不规则的颗粒/网点纹理，模拟大豆油墨透过模版网孔的效果，透明度约 15–25%；边缘要有轻微锯齿或羽化，像蜡纸裁切，而不是锐利矢量线；整体是高对比双色/三色布局，衬在米白多孔纸底（#f6f1e7）上。标题用粗壮 grotesk 或手写感字体，正文保持朴素，禁止渐变、投影和写实照片。按钮和卡片应像独立油墨 pass——平涂色块带颗粒纹理，可加 2px 黑色实线描边。不要滑向孟菲斯；决定性区别在于孔版印刷风是「印刷纹理优先」（颗粒、错位、专色叠印），而孟菲斯是「图案优先」（波浪线、锯齿、几何纸屑）。保证文字对比度：黑色油墨压在专色上通常能过；细字压在纹理填充上容易失败，所以标签要够大、放在实色面板上。
Accessibility & misuse可访问性与误用
Misregistration and grain are decorative, but they must not hide information: never set small body text directly over a grain texture without a solid backing panel; measure 4.5:1 for any text ink against its paper ground.
错位和颗粒都是装饰，但不能因此隐藏信息：绝不要把小号正文直接压在颗粒纹理上而不垫实色背板；任何文字油墨与其纸底都要实测 4.5:1。
The limited spot palette can produce unpredictable combinations where two inks overlap; check the resulting mixed colors for contrast, especially yellow (#ffd60a) overlaid with black text.
限定的专色盘在叠印后会产生不可预测的混合色；要检查叠出的混合色对比度，尤其注意黄色（#ffd60a）上压黑字的情况。
Heavy texture and high chroma increase visual fatigue; reserve dense grain for decorative zones, offer a reduced-texture mode under prefers-reduced-motion or a user toggle, and avoid rapid flashing or high-frequency dot patterns.
重纹理和高饱和度会增加视觉疲劳；把密集颗粒留给装饰区，在 prefers-reduced-motion 或用户开关下提供低纹理模式，并避免快速闪烁或高频点阵。
Origin起源
Riso Kagaku Corporation developed the Risograph in Japan in the early 1980s as a high-speed, low-cost stencil duplicator for schools, churches, and offices, using soy-based inks and a digital master wrapped around an ink drum. It remained an office tool through the 1990s, then was adopted by independent publishers, zine makers, and graphic artists in the 2000s–2010s who turned its registration drift, ink grain, and limited color passes into an intentional aesthetic.
理想科学工业（Riso Kagaku Corporation）在 1980 年代初期的日本开发出 Risograph，作为面向学校、教堂和办公室的高速低成本数字模版复印机，使用大豆油墨和以数字母版包裹的油墨滚筒。它在整个 1990 年代仍是办公设备，随后在 2000–2010 年代被独立出版人、zine 制作者和平面艺术家采纳，把套印漂移、油墨颗粒和有限色版变成了有意为之的美学。